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Reading answers with explanations

IELTS · Part 1 · Cambridge 11 — Test 4

Research using twins: Reading answers

Answers to questions 1–13 (13 in all), each with why it is right.

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Read the whole passage and answer in the exam interface, timed as on the day.

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The passage opens

To biomedical researchers all over the world, twins offer a precious opportunity to untangle the influence of genes and the environment - of nature and nurture.Because identical twins come from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, they share virtually the same genetic code.Any differences between them - one twin having younger looking skin, for example - must be due to environmental factors such as less time spent in the sun. Alternatively, by comparing the experiences of identical twins with those of fraternal twins, who come from separate eggs and share on average half their DNA, researchers can quantify the extent to which our genes affect our lives.If identical twins are more…

Answers 1–13

  1. 1

    There may be genetic causes for the differences in how young the skin of identical twins looks.

    FALSE True / False / Not Given

  2. 2

    Twins are at greater risk of developing certain illnesses than non-twins.

    NOT GIVEN True / False / Not Given

  3. 3

    Bouchard advertised in newspapers for twins who had been separated at birth.

    NOT GIVEN True / False / Not Given

  4. 4

    Epigenetic processes are different from both genetic and environmental processes.

    TRUE True / False / Not Given

  5. 5

    invented a term used to distinguish two factors affecting human characteristics

    A: Francis Galton Matching features

  6. 6

    expressed the view that the study of epigenetics will increase our knowledge

    C: Danielle Reed Matching features

  7. 7

    developed a mathematical method of measuring genetic influences

    A: Francis Galton Matching features

  8. 8

    pioneered research into genetics using twins

    B: Thomas Bouchard Matching features

  9. 9

    carried out research into twins who had lived apart

    B: Thomas Bouchard Matching features

  10. 10

    D: chemicals Summary completion (word list)

  11. 11

    B: organs Summary completion (word list)

  12. 12

    E: environment Summary completion (word list)

  13. 13

    F: behaviour/behavior Summary completion (word list)

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